Mudanças no Código de Trânsito Brasileiro

O presidente Jair Bolsonaro sancionou a Lei 14.071, que promove uma série de alterações no Código de Trânsito Brasileiro (CTB). A norma, que foi publicada com vetos na edição desta quarta-feira (13) do Diário Oficial da União, entra em vigor dentro de 180 dias. 

A lei concede mais prazo para renovação da Carteira Nacional de Habilitação (CNH), passando a dez anos para motoristas com menos de 50 anos de idade. Para condutores entre 50 e 70 anos, o prazo será de cinco anos. E quem tem 70 anos ou mais deve observar o período de três anos de validade. Atualmente, a renovação deve ser feita a cada cinco anos e a cada três anos para condutores com mais de 65 anos. 

A nova norma prevê também que, em casos de lesão corporal e homicídio causados por motorista embriagado, mesmo que sem intenção, a pena de reclusão não pode mais ser substituída por outra mais branda, restritiva de direitos. 

Foi alterado também o sistema de pontuação para suspensão da CNH, que passa a ser gradativo: 40 pontos para quem não tiver cometido infração gravíssima; 30 pontos para quem tiver cometido uma infração gravíssima; e 20 pontos para quem tiver duas ou mais infrações do tipo. Para os profissionais do volante, a penalidade será imposta quando o infrator atingir 40 pontos.

Aos bons motoristas, uma boa notícia: foi criado o Registro Nacional Positivo de Condutores (RNPC), em que serão cadastrados os condutores que não tenham cometido infração de trânsito sujeita a pontuação nos últimos 12 meses. Isso vai viabilizar a concessão de benefícios fiscais por parte de estados e municípios. 

Motocicletas

O presidente vetou um artigo que trata de regras sobre circulação de motociclistas. O trecho vetado diz, por exemplo, que a moto só pode trafegar nos corredores de carros quando o trânsito estiver parado ou lento, conforme regulamentação do Conselho Nacional de Trânsito (Contran).  

Atualmente, há ampla possibilidade de circulação entre os veículos e a proposta reduz a mobilidade das motocicletas, motonetas e ciclomotores, que é o diferencial desses veículos e que colabora, inclusive, na redução dos congestionamentos. “A dificuldade de definição e aferição do que seja ‘fluxo lento’ aumenta a insegurança jurídica sendo inviável ao motociclista verificar se está atendendo eventual regulamentação do Contran”, alegou o presidente da República.

Titulação 

O presidente vetou também a exigência de título de especialista em medicina de tráfego para o profissional que realiza exames nos condutores. Conforme o governo, tal exigência viola o princípio constitucional do livre exercício de qualquer trabalho, ofício ou profissão.

“A medida contraria o interesse público, tendo em vista que não se mostra adequada a previsão de restringir a realização dos exames de aptidão física e mental aos médicos e psicólogos peritos examinadores, com titulação de especialista em medicina do tráfego e em psicologia do trânsito, pois não é crível que os profissionais que não dispõem dessa titulação não possuam prática necessária para a realização de tais exames”, justificou. 

Foram vetados também itens relativos à avaliação psicológica do condutor, à comunicação de transferência de propriedade de veículo e à autorização especial para tráfego de veículo de transporte de carga. 

Tramitação

A Lei 14.071, de 2020, é resultante do Projeto de Lei 3.267/2019, de autoria do Executivo. A proposição passou pelo Plenário do Senado em 3 de setembro e teve a aprovação definitiva da Câmara no dia 22 daquele mês, quando foi enviado à sanção presidencial. 

Os trechos vetados pelo chefe do Executivo agora serão analisados por senadores e deputados em sessão conjunta do Congresso Nacional, que ainda não tem data marcada para ocorrer.

Agência Senado (Reprodução autorizada mediante citação da Agência Senado)

https://www12.senado.leg.br/noticias/materias/2020/10/14/mudancas-no-codigo-de-transito-sao-sancionadas-com-vetos

Fonte: Agência Senado

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